聽讀英文 – 人物焦點:原子彈之父羅伯特・奧本海默 Robert Oppenheimer (音)|貝塔語測
聽讀英文 – 人物焦點:原子彈之父羅伯特・奧本海默 Robert Oppenheimer (音)

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By  Quentin Brand

Script 閱讀文本

In the realm of scientific brilliance and intellectual curiosity, few names stand as tall as that of Robert Oppenheimer, the brilliant physicist and scientific visionary, who played a pivotal role in shaping the course of history through his work on the Manhattan Project. 

Born on April 22, 1904, in New York City, Oppenheimer displayed an exceptional intellect from an early age. His insatiable thirst for knowledge led him to excel in his academic pursuits, ultimately leading him to earn a PhD in physics from the University of Göttingen in Germany. Oppenheimer’s contributions to science extended far beyond the confines of academia. However, it was his pivotal role in the development of the atomic bomb during World War II that would make him famous. As the director of the Manhattan Project’s Los Alamos Laboratory, Oppenheimer led a team of brilliant scientists, engineers, and technicians who worked tirelessly to harness the power of the atom. 

Under Oppenheimer’s guidance, the Los Alamos Laboratory became a hotbed of scientific innovation. His ability to cultivate an environment that nurtured collaboration and creativity was instrumental in the successful development of the worlds first atomic bomb. Despite the immense pressure and ethical dilemmas surrounding the project, Oppenheimer’s leadership ensured its completion. On July 16, 1945, in the desolate New Mexico desert, Oppenheimer’s work reached its climax. Codenamed Trinity, the first-ever atomic bomb was detonated, forever changing the course of warfare and the world’s understanding of scientific possibilities. Oppenheimer himself famously quoted the Bhagavad Gita, saying, “Now I am become Death, the destroyer of worlds,” reflecting the profound impact of his creation. 

However, Oppenheimer’s involvement with the atomic bomb came at a personal cost. Following the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, he became a vocal advocate for nuclear disarmament. Oppenheimer’s moral convictions clashed with the escalating Cold War tensions, and his security clearance was eventually revoked due to concerns about his loyalty. Despite this setback, Oppenheimer’s unwavering commitment to the pursuit of knowledge remained undiminished. 

In the aftermath of the Manhattan Project, Oppenheimer continued his influential career in academia, focusing on theoretical physics and serving as the director of the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton. His contributions to science were recognized with numerous awards and honors, including the Enrico Fermi Award and the Albert Einstein Award. 

Beyond his scientific achievements, Oppenheimer’s legacy also lies in his profound impact on shaping the scientific community. His dedication to education and mentoring young scientists inspired generations of researchers to push the boundaries of knowledge and to approach scientific inquiry with an unwavering curiosity.

Translation 中文翻譯
在科學的輝煌和智識追求的領域中,很少有人像羅伯特・奧本海默這樣聲名顯赫。他是傑出的物理學家和科學願景家,透過參與曼哈頓計劃的工作,對歷史進程產生了關鍵性的影響。 
羅伯特・奧本海默於 1904 年 4 月 22 日在紐約市出生,早年就展現出非凡的智慧。他對知識的渴望無法滿足,使他在學業上取得卓越成就,最終在德國的哥廷根大學獲得物理學博士學位。奧本海默對科學的貢獻不僅止於學術範疇。然而,他在第二次世界大戰期間在原子彈的發展中所扮演的關鍵角色使他成名。作為曼哈頓計劃洛斯阿拉莫斯實驗室的主任,奧本海默領導了一支由才華橫溢的科學家、工程師和技術人員組成的團隊,他們孜孜不倦地致力於利用原子的力量。 
在奧本海默的指導下,洛斯阿拉莫斯實驗室成為科學創新的溫床。他培育出一個有助於合作與創造力的環境,這對世界上第一枚原子彈的成功研發起著重要作用。儘管這個計畫面臨巨大壓力與倫理困境,但奧本海默的領導確保了它的完成。在 1945 年 7 月 16 日,於荒涼的新墨西哥州沙漠中,奧本海默的工作達到了高潮。這枚代號為「三位一體」的史上第一枚原子彈爆炸了,永遠改變了戰爭的進程和世界對科學可能性的理解。奧本海默本人曾引用《婆羅多》中的名言說:「現在我成為了死亡,世界的毀滅者」,這反映了他的創造所帶來的深遠影響。 
然而,奧本海默參與原子彈研製也付出了個人代價。1945 年廣島和長崎被炸後,他成為核裁軍的積極宣導者。奧本海默的道德信念與不斷升級的冷戰緊張局勢發生了衝突,由於擔心他的忠誠度,他的安全許可最終被取消。儘管遭遇了這一挫折,奧本海默追求知識的決心卻絲毫未減。 
曼哈頓計畫結束後,奧本海默繼續他在學術界頗具影響力的事業,專注於理論物理研究,並擔任普林斯頓高等研究所所長。他對科學的貢獻得到了無數獎項和榮譽的認可,其中包括恩裡科-費米獎和阿爾伯特-愛因斯坦獎。 
除了他的科學成就,奧本海默的遺產還在於他對科學界的深刻影響。他在教育和指導年輕科學家方面的奉獻精神激勵著一代又一代的研究人員不斷挑戰知識的極限,以堅定不移的好奇心進行科學探索。
CHECK THIS OUT 學習知識點
In the second paragraph, you will see the words ‘pivotal role’. This means the main role in a project, and we use it when we want to emphasise that someone had a very important part to play in a project. Here are some more sentences with this word partnership:
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the pivotal role of healthcare workers in providing essential care and saving lives.
The United Nations plays a pivotal role in promoting international cooperation and maintaining peace and security globally.        
在第二段,你會看到「pivotal role 樞紐角色」這個詞,指一個企劃中的主要角色,當想要強調某人在當中扮演了非常重要的角色時便可派上用場。這裡還有一些使用這個詞的句子:
「COVID-19 大流行凸顯了醫護人員在提供基本護理和拯救生命方面的關鍵作用。」
「聯合國在促進國際合作、維護全球和平與安全方面發揮著關鍵作用。」
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Quiz

Q1: What is the main topic of the article?

A. Robert Oppenheimer

B. Manhattan


C. The atomic bomb

 

Q2: In the fourth paragraph, what does the word ‘escalating’ mean?

A. staircase

B. increasing


C. reducing

 

Q3: What happened on July 16th 1945?

A. Oppenheimer resigned from the project

B. the first-ever atomic bomb was detonated


C. the course of WW2 changed



Answers: 
Q1: A Q2: B Q3: B

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