英文寫作中,學生們常使用所學的片語(慣用語)在各段落中當作一個句子的起頭,高頻運用在陳述意見、解釋原因、表達因果關係、重述論點的重要性或強調重點和舉例(提供細節),除了欲展現更強烈的表達句意的語氣外,也希望增加文章的流暢度跟所謂作文中起承轉合的串連。但文喬老師教學數年來,常看到的不僅是同學們重複的不斷使用General(一般用字)的字詞,如:I believe、I suggest、In general、First of all…Second…Next…Lastly…,卻不懂得使用Advanced alternatives(進階選擇替換語)。
文喬老師簡略整理16大類寫作常用訊號字比較,讓同學們在寫作中可以輕鬆運用!
PART 1: 陳述意見、解釋原因、設立條件、提供資訊、述說事件、重述重點、因果關係、時間關係
1、To give an opinion(陳述意見)
General(一般用字) |
Advanced alternatives(進階選擇) |
I believe…(我相信⋯⋯) I consider…(我認為⋯⋯) I personally think that…(我個人認為⋯⋯) I’d prefer…(我偏好⋯⋯) In my opinion…(在我看來⋯⋯) |
I am convinced that…(我相信⋯⋯) I hold that…(我堅信⋯⋯) I deem…(我視⋯⋯為⋯⋯) I assert…(我堅持⋯⋯) As far as I’m concerned…(就⋯⋯而言⋯⋯) |
2、To state the reason(解釋原因)
General(一般用字) |
Advanced alternatives(進階選擇) |
There are various reasons why… (關於⋯⋯有數個原因⋯⋯) There are several explanations for… (關於⋯⋯有數個解釋⋯⋯) There are many positive reasons for… (關於⋯⋯有很多正面的理由⋯⋯) |
We must draw attention to… (我們要注意⋯⋯) We should not overlook… (我們不能忽略⋯⋯) The important point to note is… (要注意的要點是⋯⋯) |
3、To set up a condition(設立條件)
General(一般用字) |
Advanced alternatives(進階選擇) |
If…(假若⋯⋯) Even if…(即便⋯⋯) If I could…(若我可以⋯⋯) |
Whether or not…(不論⋯⋯) This might cause…(這可能會⋯⋯) |
4、To add extra information(提供更多資訊)
General(一般用字) |
Advanced alternatives(進階選擇) |
First of all… Second… Next… Lastly… (首先⋯⋯ 第二⋯⋯接著⋯⋯最後⋯⋯) In addition…(除此之外⋯⋯) And… then…(接著⋯⋯) There are three reasons why… (對此原因有三⋯⋯) |
Still less, …(還有⋯⋯) And that is not all.(還不僅如此⋯⋯) More examples can be found in… (還有更多例子⋯⋯) Not only… but also… (不僅⋯⋯還⋯⋯) |
5、To generalize(述說一般事件)
General(一般用字) |
Advanced alternatives(進階選擇) |
Overall…(總的來說⋯⋯) In general…(一般說來⋯⋯) Generally speaking…(一般來看⋯⋯) |
Broadly speaking…(大抵上⋯⋯) Strictly speaking…(嚴格來說⋯⋯) It goes without saying that… (不可否認地⋯⋯) |
6、To restate an Argument(重述論點)
General(一般用字) |
Advanced alternatives(進階選擇) |
To repeat…(再一次⋯⋯) In other words…(也就是說⋯⋯) |
To put it differently… (換個方式來說⋯⋯) Let me stress again that… (容我再度強調⋯⋯) |
7、To show cause/effect(顯示因果關係)
General(一般用字) |
Advanced alternatives(進階選擇) |
To repeat…(再一次⋯⋯) In other words…(也就是說⋯⋯) |
To put it differently… (換個方式來說⋯⋯) Let me stress again that… (容我再度強調⋯⋯) |
8、To show time relationships(顯示時間之關係)
General(一般用字) |
Advanced alternatives(進階選擇) |
At first…(最初⋯⋯) Immediately…(立即⋯⋯) Then…(接著⋯⋯) Later…(後來⋯⋯) Afterwards…(隨後⋯⋯) Before…(之前⋯⋯) |
… to date(現今⋯⋯) At present…(目前⋯⋯) At the present stage…(現階段⋯⋯) Currently…(目前⋯⋯) Last but not least…(最後⋯⋯) For the time being…(就目前來說⋯⋯) |
下一回
PART 2:對立意見、強調重點、表明偏好、顯示相同點、顯示目的、舉例/提供細節、描述問題點、做結論
