今日主題字 👉 objective
📝測評重點
objective 一字可作形容詞和名詞，意思也不相同，最適合考在克漏字或閱讀類須根據「前後文」來判斷意思的題目，也因此經常出現在 TOEIC 甚至 IELTS 等英檢測驗中。
考點 1
objective 當形容詞時，意為「客觀的」，而其反義為 subjective，也就是「主觀的」。
例句：These opinions are too subjective, but we need more objective facts to support the argument.（這些觀點過與主觀，但我們需要更多客觀事實來支持此一論點。） 而此句內的 objective 為形容詞，加上其後修飾的名詞 facts 便成為 「客觀的事實」之意。
考點 2
objective 也可當名詞（可數），意為「目標」。
例如：The counselor recommended that each member set reachable, meaningful learning objectives throughout the year that one could work hard to achieve and celebrate.，由此句可看出 objective 可與動詞 achieve 搭配形成 achieve objective，意指「達成目標」，也可與形容詞 meaningful 搭配形成 meaningful objective，指「有意義的目標」。參照〈釋義C ▶ 例6〉
📝字義辨析 一 Examples and Synonyms
objective 的形容詞 (adj.) 用法
釋義A not influenced by personal feelings, opinions, prejudice; based on facts 客觀的；無偏見的
替換字 impartial, unbiased, unprejudiced 公平的；公正的；不偏不倚的
例1 ▶ Federal judges are obligated by profession to remain objective in each and every case, regardless of personal background, cultural values, or other variables present in the nature of each situation.
聯邦法官有義務在每一個案件中保持客觀，無論個人背景、文化價值觀或每個情況的性質中存在的其他變數如何。
例2 ▶ Although Dennis heavily favored his younger son in matters of all sorts, that did not affect his ability to make the objective decision to punish his son, who happened to be the one who started the fight.
儘管丹尼斯在各種事情上都非常偏袒他的小兒子，但這並不影響他做出懲罰兒子的客觀決定的能力，因為他的兒子恰好是挑起打架的人。
例3 ▶ The baseball commentator who clearly favored the home team was removed from the live broadcast because he failed to provide objective commentary on the game.
明顯偏袒主隊的棒球球評未能對比賽進行客觀解說，因此被取消了直播。
釋義B existing independently in reality beyond the (human) mind 客觀存在的
替換字 actual, factual
例4 ▶ Ancient philosophers argued that the concepts of good and evil exist as objective truths beyond the understanding of human minds.
古代哲學家認為，善惡的概念作為客觀真理存在，超出了人類思想所能理解。
例5 ▶ Some people believe that recording an objective version of history is impossible, because every event throughout history can only be viewed through the biases of human perspectives.
有些人認為記錄客觀的歷史是不可能的，因為歷史上的每一個事件都只能通過人類視角的偏見來看待。
objective 的名詞 (n.) 用法
釋義C something that (ones) efforts are directed towards; a thing aimed at or sought after 目的；目標
替換字 aim, intention, target, purpose
例6 ▶ The counselor recommended that each member set reachable, meaningful learning objectives throughout the year that one could work hard to achieve and celebrate.
顧問建議每位成員在全年中設定可以達成且有意義的學習目標，並為達成此目標而努力及慶祝。
例7 ▶ Despite Marks failure in hitting his intended sales goal, he was able to surpass a preliminary objective - that being the sales figure that he had worked to achieve the year prior.
儘管馬克未能達到預定的銷售目標，但他還是超越了一個初步目標──那就是他前一年努力實現的銷售數字。
“objectives” vs. “goals”
IRT 作題評量，診斷學習強弱
本篇文章提供學習測驗
