強調語氣──關係代名詞用that 更簡單|貝塔語測
強調語氣──關係代名詞用that 更簡單

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許多人在寫作時習慣用「簡單句」堆積成一篇文章,這樣的句子既冗長又無趣, 而且無法清楚地表現前後兩個句子的關係,因而使句子與句子之間不順暢。

✡ 修飾「人」或「東西」所需要配合的關係代名詞不一樣:

「主格」(「人」用 who、「物」用 which)、「所有格」都用 whose,但是實際上還有「受格」的用法。

主格 所有格 受格
who whose whom
which whose which

✡ 當我們強調語氣時,無論是人或事物的主格和受格, 都可以用 that 作為關係代名詞。

例如

I have many friends who live in America.
          ↑who 可改為 that(受格)

I met the beautiful girl whom you talked about yesterday.           
           ↑whom 可改為 that(受格)

This is the book which cost me a lot.       
        ↑which 可改為 that(主格)

The car which I park in front of my house is very expensive.    
     ↑which 可改為 that(受格)

✡ 當要修飾的對象是「人 + 物」的時候, 因為關係代名詞不論用 who 或 which 都不對,所以當然只能用 that。

例如

The car ran into a boy and his dog that were just crossing the street.
當小男孩和他的狗正在穿越馬路時,一部車撞上他們倆。

The man and his bike that fell into the river were missing.
那個人和他的車掉進河裡後,就不見蹤影。

✡ 使用 that 的禁忌!!

雖然「受格」關係代名詞可以用 that 代替,不過前面卻不可以有介系詞喔!

例如

I met the girl that you talked about yesterday.

=○ I met the girl about whom you talked yesterday.
(介系詞可移到 whom 前面)
≠✕ I met the girl about that you talked yesterday.

以上內容節錄自貝塔語言出版
英文寫作高分指引》作者:郭岱宗盧逸禪鄒政威

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