聽讀英文 – 人物焦點:詹森字典 Dr Johnson’s Dictionary (音)|貝塔語測
聽讀英文 – 人物焦點:詹森字典 Dr Johnson’s Dictionary (音)

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By  Quentin Brand

Script 閱讀文本

In the annals of English language history, one name shines as a beacon of lexical brilliance—Dr Samuel Johnson. His monumental work, “A Dictionary of the English Language,” stands not only as a testament to linguistic scholarship but also as a cornerstone of the English literary tradition. 

In the mid-18th century, the English language lacked a comprehensive and authoritative dictionary. It was into this lexical void that Dr Samuel Johnson stepped, armed with a determination to encapsulate the intricacies of the English language within the pages of a single monumental tome. 

From 1746 to 1755, Johnson toiled relentlessly, consulting books, manuscripts, and linguistic experts of his time. His dictionary was not merely a collection of definitions; it was a testament to the evolution, richness, and nuances of the English language. This audacious undertaking required not just lexicographical prowess but an innate understanding of culture, literature, and the very essence of words. 

As one peruses the pages of Johnson’s dictionary, it becomes evident that it is more than a compilation of words and meanings. Johnson’s definitions are infused with wit, wisdom, and a dash of his own philosophy. He often included literary quotations, offering readers glimpses into the broader cultural and literary context of words. Beyond definitions, the dictionary showcases Johnson’s linguistic artistry through etymologies, examples of word usage, and even personal anecdotes. His reflections on language and human communication provide a rich tapestry of insights that transcend mere lexicography. 

The creation of Johnson’s dictionary was not without its share of challenges. The absence of an established lexicographical tradition, the sheer magnitude of the project, and financial constraints tested Johnson’s resilience. Yet, his dedication and determination persevered, and in 1755, “A Dictionary of the English Language” was unveiled to the world. Johnson’s dictionary was more than just a reference work; it was a cultural touchstone that left an indelible imprint on English literature. His meticulous attention to detail, keen insight into the idiosyncrasies of language, and profound impact on standardizing English spelling and usage set a precedent for future lexicographers. 

The dictionary’s influence extended far beyond its time, inspiring generations of writers, poets, and scholars. The lexicographical foundation laid by Johnson paved the way for the comprehensive dictionaries and language studies that followed, shaping the very course of the English language itself.

Translation 中文翻譯
在英語語言的編年史中,有一個名字熠熠生輝,如同詞彙輝煌的燈塔一樣閃耀──山謬・詹森 (Samuel Johnson) 博士,其巨著《詹森字典 A Dictionary of the English Language》不僅是語言學術的見證,也是英國文學傳統的基石。 
18 世紀中葉,英語缺乏一本全面且權威的字典。山謬・詹森 (Samuel Johnson) 博士正是在此詞彙空白時期挺身而出,他決心將英語的複雜性全部囊括,並寫入一本巨著中。 
從 1746 年到 1755 年,詹森孜孜不倦地查閱書籍、手稿和當時的語言專家。他的字典不僅僅是一部定義集合,更是英語語言演變、豐富性和細微差別的見證。這一大膽的事業需要的不僅僅是字典學的造詣,還需要對文化、文學和詞彙本質的深刻理解。 
當人們仔細閱讀詹森字典時,就會發現它不僅僅是單字和意義的彙編。詹森的定義充滿了機智、智慧和一點他自己的哲學。他經常引用文學名言,讓讀者了解更廣泛的文化和文學脈絡。除了定義之外,該詞典還透過詞源、詞語用法範例,甚至個人軼事展示了詹森在語言藝術方面的才華。他對語言和人類溝通的反思提供了豐富的見解,超越了單純的字典編纂。 
詹森字典的創建並非沒有挑戰。缺乏既定的字典編纂傳統、項目的龐大規模和財務限制考驗著詹森的毅力。然而,他的奉獻和堅持戰勝了一切。1755 年,《詹森字典 A Dictionary of the English Language》問世。詹森的字典不只是一本參考書;它還是一本工具書。它是一塊文化試金石,在英國文學中留下了不可磨滅的印記。他對細節的一絲不苟、對語言特質的敏銳洞察以及對英語拼寫和用法標準化的深遠影響為未來的字典編纂者樹立了先例。 
該字典的影響遠遠超出了它的時代,激勵了一代又一代的作家、詩人和學者。詹森奠定的字典學基礎為隨後的綜合詞典和語言研究開辟了一條道路,塑造了英語語言本身的進程。 
※ Quentin老師閱讀文本外,另有補充對於本篇主題的個人觀點與讀者分享,請仔細聆聽,並思考自己的想法。※
CHECK THIS OUT 學習知識點
In the fourth paragraph you will see the word ‘lexicography.’ This word means ‘writing a dictionary’. We use it to describe the work of writing a dictionary. A person who writes dictionaries is called a ‘lexicographer’. Here are some more sentences using the words. 
‘The conference brought together linguists, educators and lexicographers to discuss the evolution of language in the digital world.’ 
‘The field of lexicography involves the study and collection of words to make a dictionary.’
在第四段中,你會看到「lexicography」這個字,意指「字典編撰」,用以描述編寫字典的工作;編寫字典的人稱為「字典編纂者」。這裡還有一些使用此字的句子。 
「這次會議聚集了語言學家、教育家和詞典編纂者,討論數位世界中語言的演變。」 
「字典編纂領域涉及研究和收集單字以製作字典。」
IRT 作題評量,診斷學習強弱
本篇文章提供學習測驗
Quiz

Q1: What is the main topic of the article?

A. Dr Johnson

B. Dr Johnson’s dictionary


C. dictionaries

 

Q2: In the third paragraph what does the word ‘toiled’ mean?

A. read

B. worked


C. wrote

 

Q3: What were the challenges Dr Johnson faced writing his dictionary?

A. he had little money

B. he had no reference works to consult


C. he had no determination to complete it


Answers: 
Q1: B Q2: B Q3: A

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